Pathology of Research Methods Related to Underground Water Sources (Case of Study: Iran Water Resources Research Quarterly)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Professor of Sociology- Department of Literature and Humanities - Faculty of Social Sciences - Yazd University - Yazd - Iran.

2 Post-doctoral in Environmental Sociology, Department of Development Sociology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

10.22080/jsn.2024.5019

Abstract

Extended Abstract
1. Introduction
Climatic characteristics such as dry and semi-arid climate, lack of rainfall, long periods of drought in the country, and lack of rains in the seasons when the agricultural sector needs water resources have caused the decrease of underground water resources every year more than the previous year. Even beyond that, it becomes a challenge for policymakers, decision-makers, operators, farmers, and industrial sector employers. The numerous types of research that have been conducted in the field of underground water resources in the Water Resources Research Quarterly between the years 2006 and 2022 show that the importance of this issue is not only in the discourse governing water policymakers but also among experts and academics. Therefore, the present research, based on a systematic review approach to the pathology of previous studies, deals with the subject of articles related to underground water resources in the Quarterly Journal of Water Resources Research and reveals the factors affecting it based on the accumulation of the mentioned research results. To fulfill this aim, several questions were asked: 1- What methods have been used in the studies related to underground water resources published in the Iranian Water Resources Research Quarterly? 2- To what extent have the methods of these articles been able to cover appropriate solutions to solve problems related to underground water resources?

2. Research Methodology
The current study was conducted with a systematic review approach. First, in order to increase the accuracy of the research, a checklist of eligible articles was prepared during the years 2006-2022, which included components such as the research method, the number of authors, the year of conducting the research, and the tendency of the authors of the article.
After reviewing the papers, 38 articles discussing underground water sources, both in the topic and in the content, were selected as a statistical sample. In this sense, almost all articles related to the topic of "groundwater resources" were reviewed.

3.  Research Findings
The findings of the research showed that among the 38 papers in terms of the number of authors, the largest number of studies are related to the articles that had more than two authors (22 cases), followed by the ones with two authors (12 cases), and the articles that were done by one person allocated the lowest amount (4 cases). Regarding the disciplines of the authors of the articles, it should be said that most of the articles are by researchers in the fields of water resources engineering, water resources management, water and development, irrigation and drainage, and hydraulic structures (30 articles), researchers in the fields of mapping, rural development, water and development, and geography (4 articles), researchers in the fields of environment, watershed management (4 articles), and researchers in interdisciplinary fields such as archeology and sociology (2 articles) were ranked next in terms of the number of published articles. Regarding the years that have been published in the Quarterly Journal of Water Resources Research, it can be said that most of the studies were published in 2022 (8 articles), and the least number published in the field of groundwater resources is related to 2006, 2008, and 2015 (1 article). In terms of methodology, the largest number of articles is related to the articles that have investigated the state of water resources and aquifers with the method of scenario creation and future research (15 articles). This scenario development is either quantitative and numerical analysis or qualitative analysis and future research. The studies that have been done with numerical simulation, modelling, and factor modelling (11 articles) and analytical research (5 articles) have the largest number of articles after the studies related to scenario creation.

4.  Conclusion
This research was carried out with the aim of methodological pathology of the articles related to the topic of underground water resources that were published in the Iranian Quarterly of Resources Research from 2006 to 2022 and was intended to answer these two questions: 1- What methods have been used in the studies related to underground water resources published in the Iranian Water Resources Research Quarterly? 2- To what extent have the methods of these articles been able to cover appropriate solutions to solve problems related to underground water resources? According to the findings, the authors suggested these ways: 1- Regulating the research in the field of underground water resources, 2- Allocating part of the articles to the discussion of methodology (even modelling and numerical articles), 3- Attempting to conduct studies in the field of social impact assessment (ETA) so that policymakers are aware of the consequences of the projects carried out, 4- Emphasizing innovation, using various qualitative methods (ethnographic and phenomenological methods), and paying more attention to the use of newer methods. 5- And most importantly, turning to sociological analyses related to underground water articles.

Funding
This article does not use any organization for financial support.

Authors’ Contribution
Leyla Bonyad: Initial idea/ conceptualization/ data collection/manuscript writing
Akbar Zareshahabadi: Validation of data/correction and revision of the manuscript

Conflict of Interest
 There is no conflict of interest between the authors of the article.

Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the persons for scientific consulting in this paper.
 
 
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Society and the Environment
Volume 1, Issue 2
December 2024
Pages 49-77

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