بررسی اثرات مؤلفه‌های شهرسازی بر آسایش حرارتی شهروندان شهر تبریز با استفاده از نرم‌افزار انوی مت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده جغرافیا و علوم زمین، دانشگاه سگد، مجارستان

2 استاد، دکترای شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

4 دکتری معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری،دانشگاه آزاد تبریز

چکیده

در عصر کنونی با توجه به گسترش روزافزون شهرنشینی، توجه به محیط‌ها و فضاهای شهری اهمیت ویژه‌ای یافته است. پس از کم‌توجهی‌های ادوار گذشته نسبت به فضاهای شهری شاهد رشد اهمیت چنین فضاهایی در بستر زندگی شهری هستیم. از سوی دیگر، میل جمعیت به شهرنشینی، سبب ازدیاد جمعیت، افزایش تقاضا در زمینه های مختلف، ایجاد آلودگی های متعدد و متعاقبا سبب تغییرات اقلیمی و کاهش آسایش حرارتی در سطح شهرها گشته است. در بافت‌های هفت‌گانه موردمطالعه حاضر (تاریخی، روستایی، سنتی، سنتی نوبنیاد، طراحی شده، حاشیه‌ای و مجموعه‌ای) دلایل متعدد از جمله، فرسودگی کالبدی و معابر ناکارآمد، فعالیت‌های روزانه افراد را نیز دچار مشکل می‌سازند. از سوی دیگر بروز جزایر حرارتی، کمبود پوشش گیاهی و عوامل اقلیمی متعدد، میزان آسایش حرارتی کاربران را تا حد زیادی کاهش داده است. لذا پژوهش حاضر تلاش کرده است تا با به‌کارگیری تکنیک‌های جدید، از جمله مدل‌سازی و آنالیز خرداقلیم، ضمن بررسی آسایش حرارتی و عناصر کالبدی شکل‌دهنده محیط، پیشنهادهایی را در جهت کاهش معضلات یاد شده و بهبود میزان آسایش حرارتی در بافت‌های موردمطالعه شهر تبریز ارائه کند.بر اساس خروجی پژوهش که هم به شکل داده‌های عددی و هم نقشه‌های اقلیمی ارائه شده توسط نرم‌افزار Envi-met، نقش عوامل کالبدی و شهرسازی در بهبود و یا کاهش آسایش حرارتی محسوس است. طبق این یافته‌ها، پوشش گیاهی، نسبت ارتفاع به عرض (محصوریت) و جهت‌گیری معابر تأثیر مستقیمی بر بهبود شرایط حرارتی در هریک از محلات موردمطالعه داشته‌اند. در پایان نیز، پس از تحلیل یافته‌ها، راهکارها و پیشنهاداتی جهت بهبود میزان آسایش حرارتی ارائه گشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the effects of urban planning components on the thermal comfort of the citizens of Tabriz city using EnviMat software

نویسندگان [English]

  • niloofar alinasab 1
  • rahmat Mohammadzadeh 2
  • Negar Mohammadzadeh 3
  • tarlan zarneshaniasl 4
1 PhD student, Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Szeged, Hungary
2 Ph.D. in Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tabriz University
3 Master's degree, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares Universit
4 PhD in Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tabriz Azad University
چکیده [English]

In today's era, due to the ever-increasing expansion of urbanization, attention to urban environments and spaces has gained special importance. After the lack of attention towards urban spaces in the past, we are witnessing the growing importance of such spaces in the context of urban life. On the other hand, the population's desire for urbanization has caused population growth, increased demand in various fields, created numerous pollutions, and subsequently caused climate changes and reduced thermal comfort in cities.In the seven contexts under study (historical, rural, traditional, new-foundation traditional, designed, marginal, and complex), many reasons, including physical wear and inefficient roads, make people's daily activities difficult. On the other hand, the occurrence of thermal islands, lack of vegetation and numerous climatic factors have greatly reduced the thermal comfort of users.Therefore, the current research has tried to use new techniques, including microclimate modeling and analysis, while examining the thermal comfort and the physical elements that shape the environment, to provide suggestions to reduce the mentioned problems and improve the thermal comfort level in the studied tissues of Tabriz city.Based on the output of the research, which is both in the form of numerical data and climate maps provided by Envi-met software, the role of physical factors and urban development in improving or reducing thermal comfort is noticeable. According to these findings, vegetation, height-to-width ratio (enclosure) and the direction of roads have a direct effect on the improvement of thermal conditions in each of the studied localities

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Thermal comfort
  • Microclimate
  • Physical factors
  • Urban design
  • Climatic conditions

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جامعه و محیط زیست
دوره 2، شماره 7
دی 1404
صفحه 87-130

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