آسیب شناسی رفتار مصرف آب از دیدگاه ذینفعان (مورد مطالعه: شهروندان یزد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار جامعه شناسی، دانشکده حضرت نرجس(س)، دانشگاه ولی عصر(عج) رفسنجان، رفسنجان، ایران

2 استاد جامعه شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

چکیده

کمبود آب یک مسألۀ جهانی است و کشور ما نیز به­واسطۀ قرارگرفتن روی کمربند خشک و نیمه­خشک با کمبود منابع آب مواجهه است. در این میان شهر یزد به­واسطۀ آب­وهوای گرم و خشک، تبخیر زیاد و تابش مستقیم نور خورشید شرایط خاصی دارد. هدف پژوهش حاضر آسیب­شناسی رفتار مصرفی ذی­نفعان یزدی در مصرف آب است. در بخش حساسیت نظری از نظریۀ آنومی دورکیم در بحث محیط زیست استفاده شده است. آنومی شرایطی است که در آن دستورالعمل‌های هنجاری برای رفتار هنجارمند شهروندان وجود ندارد. روش پژوهش گراندد تئوری بوده و جامعۀ آماری را سه گروه از کارشناسان - مدیران، خبرگان و صاحب­نظران دانشگاهی و کارفرمایان بخش صنعت - کشاورزی تشکیل داده­اند. نمونه­گیری در این پژوهش هدفمند چندگانه بوده و حجم نمونه از طریق اشباع نظری تأمین شده است که با استفاده از تکنیک مصاحبۀ عمیق نیمه ساختاریافته با 28 نفر از ذی­نفعان داده­های پژوهش جمع­آوری شده و سپس با کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی داده‌ها تحلیل شدند. یافته­های پژوهش نشان داد که شکل رفتار مصرفی آب در یزد در نتیجۀ قطع ارتباط با طبیعت و هنجارهای محیط­ زیستی می‌تواند منجر به رفتارهای مضر نسبت به محیط زیست شود که از پیامدهای این مسأله: عدم توجه به گسترش کشاورزی حفاظتی، حک­شدگی آب، از دست دادن هویت آبی-تاریخی شهر یزد و بی­هنجاری هیدرولیکی بوده است. می­توان نتیجه­ گرفت که تصمیم­سازان و سیاست­گذاران بایستی با فعالیت­های فرهنگی در کنار اقدامات فنی شرایط را برای بازاندیشی و بازسازی هویت تاریخی- آبی شهر یزد فراهم آورند و از طریق آموزش، تقویت­کنندۀ گفت­وگوهای آب­ محور میان مردم و مسؤولین باشند. پژوهش حاضر تلاش داشت با بسط نظریۀ آنومی دورکیم در عرصه­ی محیط زیستی فتح بابی را برای ورود این نظریه به مسائل محیط زیستی باز کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Pathology of water consumption behavior from the perspective of stakeholders (Case study: Yazd citizens)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leila Bonyad 1
  • akbar zare shahabadi 2
1 Assistant Professor of Sociology, Hazrat Narjes (S) Faculty, Vali-e- Asr (AJ) University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
2 Professor of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
چکیده [English]

Water scarcity is a global issue and our country is also facing a shortage of water resources due to its location in the arid and semi-arid belt. In the meantime, Yazd city has special conditions due to its hot and dry climate, high evaporation and direct sunlight. The aim of the present study is to pathologically analyze the consumption behavior of Yazd stakeholders in water consumption. In the theoretical sensitivity section, Durkheim's theory of anomie has been used in environmental discussions. Anomie is a condition in which there are no normative guidelines for the normative behavior of citizens. The research method is grounded theory and the statistical population consists of three groups of experts - managers, academic experts and experts and employers in the industrial and agricultural sectors. The sampling in this study was multiple purposive and the sample size was provided through theoretical saturation. The research data was collected using a semi-structured in-depth interview technique with 28 stakeholders and then the data were analyzed with open, axial and selective coding. The findings of the study showed that the form of water consumption behavior in Yazd, as a result of disconnection from nature and environmental norms, can lead to harmful behaviors towards the environment, which have resulted in: lack of attention to the development of conservation agriculture, water logging, loss of the historical-water identity of Yazd city, and hydraulic anomaly. It can be concluded that decision-makers and policymakers should provide the conditions for rethinking and reconstructing the historical-water identity of Yazd city through cultural activities along with technical measures, and through education, strengthen water-oriented conversations between people and officials. The present study attempted to open a door for this theory to enter environmental issues by expanding Durkheim's theory of anomie in the environmental field.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental anomie theory
  • اHydraulic anomaly
  • Water consumption behavior
  • Yazdi stakeholders
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